武汉大学测绘学院-附和导线测量程序设计.zip
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武汉大学测绘学院数字地形测量编程作业——附和导线程序设计 <link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89648537/raw.css" rel="stylesheet"/><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1" id="pf1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img alt="" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89648537/bg1.jpg"/><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">附合三角高程导线程序设计与计算</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y2 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff3 fs2 sc1"> <span class="ff4">技术要求</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y3 ff5 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">一、作业<span class="_ _0"></span>要求</div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y4 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">1<span class="ff4">、基本要<span class="_ _0"></span>求和开发平<span class="_ _0"></span>台</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y5 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">按照文档中给出<span class="_ _0"></span>的算法，采用<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">C++</span>语言，编程实现<span class="_ _0"></span>《附合三角高程<span class="_ _0"></span>导线平差计算》<span class="_ _2"></span>，</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y6 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">开发平台可采用<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">Visual Studio.Net<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>平台的各种版本，<span class="ff2">2015<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>版本可到以下链接下载：</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y7 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">链接：<span class="ff2">https://pan.baidu.com/s/1cSLd-Y7zcnQmyawxDSqbBg </span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 y8 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">提取码：<span class="ff2">x0gl </span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h3 y9 ff3 fs2 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">2<span class="ff4">、提交资<span class="_ _0"></span>料和时间</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 ya ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">课程结束后二周内，提交一下资料：</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 yb ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">1</span>）程序源码</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 yc ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff2">2</span>）开发文档</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 yd ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以上所有资料打包成一个压缩文件，文件名为学号<span class="ff2">+</span>姓名<span class="ff4 sc1">，发到珞珈在<span class="_ _0"></span>线上</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 ye ff5 fs0 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">二、算法<span class="_ _0"></span>实现</div><div class="t m0 x3 h4 yf ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三角高<span class="_ _0"></span>程测<span class="_ _0"></span>量是<span class="_ _0"></span>根据<span class="_ _0"></span>两点间<span class="_ _0"></span>的距<span class="_ _0"></span>离和<span class="_ _0"></span>垂直<span class="_ _0"></span>角，计<span class="_ _0"></span>算两<span class="_ _0"></span>点间<span class="_ _0"></span>的高<span class="_ _0"></span>差。适<span class="_ _0"></span>用于<span class="_ _0"></span>在地<span class="_ _0"></span>形起</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y10 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">伏大的<span class="_ _0"></span>地区<span class="_ _0"></span>进行高<span class="_ _0"></span>程控制<span class="_ _0"></span>。如<span class="_ _0"></span>图<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">1<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>所<span class="_ _0"></span>示，<span class="_ _0"></span>在地面<span class="_ _0"></span>上<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">A</span>、<span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>两点间<span class="_ _0"></span>测定<span class="_ _0"></span>高差<span class="_ _4"> </span>，<span class="ff2">A<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>点设置</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y11 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">仪器，<span class="_ _0"></span>在<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>点<span class="_ _0"></span>竖立<span class="_ _0"></span>标尺。<span class="_ _0"></span>量取望<span class="_ _0"></span>远镜<span class="_ _0"></span>旋转轴<span class="_ _0"></span>中心<span class="_ _5"> </span>到地面<span class="_ _0"></span>点上<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">A<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>点的仪器<span class="_ _0"></span>高<span class="_ _5"> </span>，用望远<span class="_ _0"></span>镜</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y12 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">中的十字丝的横丝照准<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>点标尺上的一点<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">M,</span>它距<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>点的高度称为目标高<span class="_ _5"> </span>，<span class="_ _6"></span>测出倾斜视线</div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y13 ff2 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">IM<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff6">与水平<span class="_ _0"></span>视线<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>IN<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff6">间所<span class="_ _0"></span>夹的<span class="_ _0"></span>竖角<span class="_ _0"></span>（垂<span class="_ _0"></span>直角<span class="_ _0"></span>）<span class="_ _7"> </span>，若<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>A<span class="ff6">、<span class="_ _0"></span></span>B<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff6">两点间<span class="_ _0"></span>的斜<span class="_ _0"></span>距离<span class="_ _0"></span>已知<span class="_ _0"></span>为<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>S<span class="ff6">，<span class="_ _0"></span>则由</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y14 ff6 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">可得<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">A</span>、<span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>两点间的高差。</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611830,0.000000,0.000000,1.611830,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89648537/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x5 h5 y15 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">图<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">1<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>三角高程测量原理</div><div class="t m0 x2 h6 y16 ff3 fs4 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">1.<span class="_"> </span><span class="ff4">数据预处理</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y17 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.1 <span class="ff6">计算各段往返高差</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y18 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在测站<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">A<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>观测<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff2">B<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>的高差的计算公式为</div><div class="c x7 y19 w2 h7"><div class="t m1 x8 h8 y1a ff7 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">tan</div><div class="t m1 x9 h9 y1b ff8 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">AB</div><div class="t m1 xa ha y1a ff8 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">h<span class="_ _8"> </span>D<span class="_ _9"> </span>i<span class="_ _7"> </span>v<span class="_ _a"> </span>f</div><div class="t m2 xb hb y1a ff9 fs7 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">a</div><div class="t m1 xc hc y1a ffa fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">=<span class="_ _a"> </span>×<span class="_ _b"> </span>+<span class="_ _c"> </span>-<span class="_ _d"> </span>+</div></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y1c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff6">（</span>3<span class="ff6">）</span></div><div class="t m0 xe h5 y1d ff4 fs1 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">说明：在计算报<span class="_ _0"></span>告中输出各测<span class="_ _0"></span>段的往返高差<span class="_ _0"></span>，小数点后保<span class="_ _0"></span>留<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff3">3<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>位数值</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y1e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.2 <span class="ff6">测段超限检查</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y1f ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">根据<span class="_ _0"></span>对向<span class="_ _0"></span>观<span class="_ _0"></span>测可<span class="_ _0"></span>以得<span class="_ _0"></span>到<span class="_ _0"></span>正向<span class="_ _0"></span>观<span class="_ _0"></span>测高<span class="_ _0"></span>差<span class="_ _4"> </span>和逆<span class="_ _0"></span>向观<span class="_ _0"></span>测<span class="_ _0"></span>高差<span class="_ _e"> </span>。对<span class="_ _0"></span>它们<span class="_ _0"></span>进<span class="_ _0"></span>行比<span class="_ _0"></span>较，<span class="_ _0"></span>判</div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y20 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">断其较差是否满足限差要求。</div><div class="c xf y21 w3 hd"><div class="t m3 x10 he y22 ff8 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">AB<span class="_ _f"> </span>BA</div><div class="t m3 x11 hf y23 ff8 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">h<span class="_ _10"> </span>h<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ffa">+<span class="_ _12"> </span><<span class="_"> </span>D</span></div></div><div class="t m0 x12 h5 y24 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff6">（</span>4<span class="ff6">）</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y25 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">三角高程限差要求将表<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">1</span>，在编程时采用“<span class="ff4 sc1">四等</span>”限差标准。</div><div class="t m0 x13 h5 y26 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">表<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">1<span class="_ _3"> </span></span>三角高程限差要求</div><div class="c x2 y27 w4 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">等级<span class="ff2"> </span></div></div><div class="c x15 y27 w5 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">仪器</div></div><div class="c x16 y27 w6 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">测<span class="_ _13"> </span>距<span class="_ _13"> </span>边<span class="_ _13"> </span>测</div><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y29 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">回数</div></div><div class="c x17 y27 w7 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">指<span class="_ _13"> </span>标<span class="_ _13"> </span>差<span class="_ _13"> </span>较</div><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y29 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">差<span class="ff2">(“)</span></div></div><div class="c x18 y27 w7 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">垂<span class="_ _13"> </span>直<span class="_ _13"> </span>角<span class="_ _13"> </span>较</div><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y29 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">差<span class="ff2">(“)</span></div></div><div class="c x19 y27 w8 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对向观测<span class="_ _0"></span>高差较</div><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y29 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">差（<span class="ff2">mm</span>）</div></div><div class="c x1a y27 w9 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">附<span class="_ _14"> </span>和<span class="_ _14"> </span>或<span class="_ _14"> </span>闭<span class="_ _14"> </span>合<span class="_ _14"> </span>线<span class="_ _14"> </span>路</div><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y29 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">闭合差<span class="ff2">(mm)</span></div></div><div class="c x2 y2a w4 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">四等</div></div><div class="c x15 y2a w5 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DJ2</div></div><div class="c x16 y2a w6 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">往返各<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff2">1</span></div></div><div class="c x1b y2a wa h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">≤</div></div><div class="c x1d y2a wb h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7</div></div><div class="c x1e y2a wa h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">≤</div></div><div class="c x1f y2a wb h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">7</div></div><div class="c x20 y2a wc h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">40</div></div><div class="c x21 y2a wd h13"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2c ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">𝐷</div></div><div class="c x22 y2a wc h14"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2d ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">20</div></div><div class="c x23 y2a wd h15"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2e ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">𝐷</div></div><div class="c x2 y2f w4 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff6 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">五等</div></div><div class="c x15 y2f w5 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DJ2</div></div><div class="c x16 y2f w6 h10"><div class="t m0 x14 h5 y28 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1</div></div><div class="c x24 y2f wa h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">≤</div></div><div class="c x25 y2f wc h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10</div></div><div class="c x26 y2f wa h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">≤</div></div><div class="c x27 y2f wc h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">10</div></div><div class="c x20 y2f wc h11"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2b ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">60</div></div><div class="c x21 y2f wd h13"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2c ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">𝐷</div></div><div class="c x22 y2f wc h14"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2d ffc fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">30</div></div><div class="c x23 y2f wd h15"><div class="t m0 x1c h12 y2e ffb fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">𝐷</div></div><div class="t m0 x2 h5 y30 ff4 fs1 fc0 sc1 ls0 ws0">说明<span class="_ _0"></span>：对<span class="_ _0"></span>每站<span class="_ _0"></span>进<span class="_ _0"></span>行限<span class="_ _0"></span>差统<span class="_ _0"></span>计<span class="_ _0"></span>并输<span class="_ _0"></span>出，<span class="_ _0"></span>与<span class="_ _0"></span>上表<span class="_ _0"></span>中的<span class="_ _0"></span>五等<span class="_ _0"></span>作<span class="_ _0"></span>业限<span class="_ _0"></span>差进<span class="_ _0"></span>行<span class="_ _0"></span>比较<span class="_ _0"></span>，在<span class="_ _0"></span>计<span class="_ _0"></span>算报<span class="_ _0"></span>告中<span class="_ _0"></span>给</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.611830,0.000000,0.000000,1.611830,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>