CA系统设计与实现：基于Java与MySQL的安全认证平台
资源内容介绍
内容概要：包含源码，数据库文件，讲解实训报告等等整个项目系统资源。介绍和设计一个CA（Certificate Authority）系统。该系统旨在接收用户的认证申请，生成和安全存储公钥对，颁发证书，并支持证书的吊销和密钥的作废。项目通过用户界面类、信息管理类、密钥操作类、数据库管理类和项目入口类的设计与协作，实现了用户信息的安全提交、数字签名的生成与验证、证书的颁发与吊销、密钥的生成和数据库的安全存储与查询。主要内容包括系统的设计思路、实现的技术要点和各个模块的具体实现方法。适合人群：具备一定Java编程基础的开发者和信息安全领域的从业人员。使用场景及目标：① 学习如何构建CA系统，掌握数字证书的生成和管理工作；② 理解如何通过Java和MySQL实现安全的信息管理和密钥管理功能。阅读建议：由于该项目涉及多个类和技术点，建议读者在阅读时对照代码和设计图，理解每个类的功能和相互之间的关系，重点掌握密钥生成、数字签名、数据库操作等核心技术。 <link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89961388/2/raw.css" rel="stylesheet"/><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1" id="pf1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img alt="" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89961388/bg1.jpg"/><div class="c x0 y1 w2 h2"><div class="t m0 x1 h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _0"> </span> <span class="_ _1"> </span>4 </div></div><div class="c x2 y3 w3 h4"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">项目（实训）</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y5 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">名称</div></div><div class="c x5 y3 w4 h4"><div class="t m0 x6 h5 y6 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">系统</span></div></div><div class="c x2 y7 w3 h6"><div class="t m0 x7 h5 y8 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">起止时间</div></div><div class="c x5 y7 w4 h6"><div class="t m0 x8 h5 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">----------</div></div><div class="c x2 y9 w3 h7"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">项目（实训）</div><div class="t m0 x7 h5 yb ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实施目标</div></div><div class="c x5 y9 w4 h7"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">建立一<span class="_ _3"></span>个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统<span class="_ _3"></span>，能够<span class="_ _3"></span>接收用<span class="_ _3"></span>户的认<span class="_ _3"></span>证申请<span class="_ _3"></span>，生成<span class="_ _3"></span>及安全<span class="_ _3"></span>存储用<span class="_ _3"></span>户的公<span class="_ _3"></span>钥</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 yb ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对，颁发证书，并支持证书的吊销和密钥的作废。</div></div><div class="c x2 yc w3 h8"><div class="t m0 x9 h5 yd ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">主要监测点</div><div class="t m0 x7 h5 ye ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（工科）</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 yf ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">项目任务<span class="_ _4"></span>（文</div><div class="t m0 x4 h5 y10 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">科）</div></div><div class="c x5 yc w4 h8"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y11 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">1</span>）接收用户认证申请；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y12 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">2</span>）用户自行生成公钥对；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 yd ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">3</span>）储存用户信息和认证数据；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ye ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">4</span>）颁发证书；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 yf ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">5</span>）记录电子文档（证书、扫描文档）<span class="_ _5"></span>；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y10 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">6</span>）支持证书吊销；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y13 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">7</span>）处理用户密钥丢失，进行证书吊销和密钥作废。</div></div><div class="c x2 y14 w3 h9"><div class="t m0 xa h5 y15 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实施条件</div></div><div class="c x5 y14 w4 h9"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y16 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">1</span>）<span class="ff3">eclipse<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>软件；</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y17 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">（<span class="ff3">2</span>）<span class="ff3">MySQL<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>数据库。</div></div><div class="c xb y18 w3 ha"><div class="t m0 x9 h5 y19 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实施步骤与</div><div class="t m0 x7 h5 y1a ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">技术要点</div></div><div class="c xc y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 xd h5 y1b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这个项目的初衷是构建一个小型<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统，让用户可以安全地提交个人</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y1c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信息，<span class="_ _6"></span>生成数字签名和密钥对，<span class="_ _6"></span>同时保证信息不被篡改，<span class="_ _6"></span>可以说模拟了一个</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y1d ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">简易但还“五脏俱全”的数字证书生成和颁发中心。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y1e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">本<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统的设计思路<span class="ff3">——</span>提供安全的用户信息管理和数字证书颁发功</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y1f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">能。<span class="_ _7"></span>通过用户界面类、<span class="_ _7"></span>信息管理类、<span class="_ _7"></span>密钥操作类、<span class="_ _7"></span>数据库管理类以及项目入</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y20 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">口类的设计与协作，实现了用户信息的安全提交、数字签名的生成与验证、</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y21 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">证书的颁发与吊销、<span class="_ _8"></span>密钥的生成和数据库的安全存储与查询。<span class="_ _8"></span>整个设计围绕</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y22 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">着用户信息的安全性展开，<span class="_ _8"></span>通过数字签名技术和密钥管理机制，<span class="_ _8"></span>确保了用户</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y23 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">数据的完整性和安全性，不会让信息被“偷窥狂”纂改和伪造。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y24 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">为此，创了以下类来实现以上功能：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y25 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第一，用户界面和交互类（<span class="ff3">windows</span>、<span class="ff3">keyswindow</span>）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y26 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">windows<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类是整个系统的主界面，用于用户信息输入和操作触发，而</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y27 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">keyswindow<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">提供了生成新密钥对的界面，供用户调用生成功能。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y28 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第二，用户信息管理类（<span class="ff3">Revoke</span>、<span class="ff3">Apply</span>）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y29 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">其中<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">Revoke<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>类用于吊销用户证书，从数据库中删除相应用户信息，</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y2a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Apply<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类负责生成数字签名，颁发证书，并将用户信息存储到数据库。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y2b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第三，密钥生成和操作类（<span class="ff3">keys</span>、<span class="ff3">DigitalSignature</span>、<span class="ff3">MD5Util</span>）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y2c ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">keys<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类使用<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>RSA<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">算法生成公私钥对，为用户提供新的密钥，</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y2d ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DigitalSignature<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类处理数字签名的生成和验证，给信息“保真”和“保</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y2e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">全<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2">，还有<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">MD5Util<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>类用于对用户信息进行<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">MD5<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>签名，保障信息的完整性。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y2f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第四个，数据库管理类（<span class="ff3">SQL</span>）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y30 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SQL<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类用于与<span class="_ _9"> </span></span>MySQL<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff2">数据库建立连接，<span class="_ _5"></span>进行用户信息的存储和查询操作。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y31 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">还有最后一个，项目入口（<span class="ff3">Test<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>类）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y32 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Test<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类作为整个系统的入口，初始化主界面，触发系统的运行。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y33 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">好了，上面就是我们代码的具体概述和设计<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统的一些思路，那下</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y34 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">面就让咱来对具体的代码进行具体的分析吧。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y35 ff4 fs1 fc1 sc1 ls0 ws0">首先</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y36 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">创了一个类文件去完成所有代码，<span class="_ _8"></span>极致的言简意赅配上极致的享受，<span class="_ _8"></span>是</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y37 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">我们组的组风，<span class="_ _7"></span>另外因为需要连接创建的<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff3">“casystem”<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff2">数据库和表，<span class="_ _7"></span>所以导</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y38 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">入一个驱动“<span class="ff3">mysql-connector-j-8.2.0.jar”<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2">，用来构建路径。如图：</span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y39 ff4 fs1 fc1 sc1 ls0 ws0">下面就步入正<span class="_ _3"></span>戏吧<span class="ff2 fc0 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y3a ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">先来看代码第一部分，这是整个代码<span class="fc2 sc0">所用到的全部</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">Java</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">类库和包，进</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">行导入。</span>其中：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y3c ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.awt.*: <span class="ff2">这个包提供了用于创建和管理<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>GUI<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">组件、<span class="_ _a"></span>绘图和窗口的类</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3d ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">和接口。<span class="_ _6"></span>在这个项目中，<span class="_ _6"></span>这些类和接口被用于创建系统的用户界面，<span class="_ _6"></span>提供交</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[0.806248,0.000000,0.000000,0.806248,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89961388/bg2.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w5 h2"><div class="t m0 xe h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"> </span>2 <span class="_ _c"> </span>3</div></div><div class="c xf y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">互式操作。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y3f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.awt.event.ActionEvent <span class="ff2">和</span> java.awt.event.ActionListener: </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y40 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这些类支持对用户界面中的操作进行监听和响应。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y41 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">javax.swing.*: <span class="ff2">这个包提供了创建<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>GUI<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">界面的类和组件。其中包含</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y42 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">JFrame<span class="ff2">、</span>JButton<span class="ff2">、</span>JLabel<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">等组件，用于构建<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>ca<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">系统的用户界面。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y43 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.io.*: <span class="ff2">这个包提供了对输入输出流的支持，用于文件读写、对象</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y44 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">序列化等操作。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y45 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.math.BigInteger: <span class="ff2">用于执行任意精度的整数运算，<span class="_ _a"></span>会在接下来的</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y46 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">加密算法中用到。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y47 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.security.*: <span class="ff2">这些类提供了安全相关的功能，例如密钥生成、加</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y48 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">密、数字签名等。<span class="_ _d"></span>在这个项目中，会用到密钥对生成器<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff3">KeyPairGenerator</span>、</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y49 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">密钥工厂<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">KeyFactory</span>、签名<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">Signature<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>等类来实现加密和签名的功能。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.security.spec.*: <span class="ff2">这个包含了一系列用于描述密钥、<span class="_ _a"></span>算法参数规</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">范的类。<span class="ff3">PKCS8EncodedKeySpec<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>和<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">X509EncodedKeySpec<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>用于处理密钥的编</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">码和解码。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4d ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.util.Base64: <span class="ff2">用于<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Base64<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">编码和解码，会用于密钥和签名的编</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">码。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">java.sql.*: <span class="ff2">用于<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Java<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">与数据库进行交互的类，用于连接和操作数据</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y50 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">库，存储用户信息和证书等数据。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y51 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这些导入的类和包提供了项目开发所需的基础工具和功能支持，<span class="_ _a"></span>用于创</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y52 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">建用户界面、执行加密算法、处理用户操作、与数据库交互等，都引用到。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y53 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">接下来，我会在代码中逐步使用这些导入的类和方法，完成整个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统的</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y54 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">开发。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y55 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">浅截个图：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y56 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc2 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">第</span><span class="fc2 sc0">二</span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y57 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">敲了一个</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">windows</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">类的构造函数，这个</span><span class="fc2 sc0">类继承自</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">JFrame</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">，用于创建系</span></div></div><div class="c x10 y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">统的主窗口。</span>下面对主要代码内容注解：</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> private static final long serialVersionUID: <span class="ff2">自动生成的序列化</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y40 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版本<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">ID</span>，用于在反序列化对象时进行版本控制。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y41 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">addtext Text = new addtext(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个名为<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Text<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>addtext<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y42 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">象，这个对象在后续代码中用于处理用户界面中的文本输入。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y43 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GridBagLayout gbl = new GridBagLayout(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y44 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GridBagLayout<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">布局管理器，用于在窗口中布置组件。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y45 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y46 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GridBagConstraints<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对象，<span class="_ _d"></span>用于设置组件在<span class="_ _9"> </span><span class="ff3">GridBagLayout<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>中的布局约束。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y47 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">setTitle("CA<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">系统</span>"): <span class="ff2">设置窗口的标题为</span>"CA<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">系统</span>"<span class="ff2">。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y58 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">setSize(750, 500): <span class="ff2">设置窗口的大小为<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>750x500<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">像素。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y59 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">setLayout(gbl): <span class="ff2">将窗口的布局管理器设置为<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>GridBagLayout<span class="ff2">。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ActionListener keywin = new winkeys(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>winkeys<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">的实</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">例，并将其赋值给<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">keywin</span>，后续用于处理“需要密钥找我”按钮的点击事</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">件。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4d ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ActionListener apply = new Apply(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Apply<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">的实例，<span class="_ _a"></span>并</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y4e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">将其赋值给<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">apply</span>，用于处理“申请”按钮的点击事件。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ActionListener revoke = new Revoke(): <span class="ff2">创建了一个<span class="_ _e"> </span></span>Revoke<span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff2">的实例，</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y50 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">并将其赋值给<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">revoke</span>，用于处理“挂失”按钮的点击事件。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y51 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">接着下面我们通过调用<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">addlable<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>和<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">addbtn<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>方法，<span class="_ _8"></span>将一系列标签、<span class="_ _8"></span>文本</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y52 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">框和按钮添加到窗口中，并通过<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">GridBagConstraints<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>设置它们的位置和大</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y53 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">小，比如：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">add(addlable("<span class="ff2">身份信息<span class="_ _8"></span>：<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff3">",0,0,1,1));—— <span class="ff2">调用<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>addlable<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">方法添加</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y5b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一个标签组件，<span class="_ _8"></span>显示<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff3">“<span class="ff2">身份信息<span class="_ _4"></span>：<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2">，<span class="_ _8"></span>位于网格<span class="ff3">(0, 0)</span>，<span class="_ _f"></span>占据<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">1<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>行<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">1<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>列的空间。</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">类似的<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">addlable<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>方法被多次调用，<span class="_ _7"></span>用于添加姓名、<span class="_ _7"></span>性别、<span class="_ _7"></span>生日、<span class="_ _7"></span>籍贯、</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y5d ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">民族、身份证号和公钥等标签。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5e ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">add(addbtn("<span class="ff2">需要密钥找我</span>",0,6,3,1,keywin)); </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">add(addbtn("<span class="ff2">申请</span>",9,6,3,1,apply));</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y60 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">add(addbtn("<span class="ff2">挂失</span>",18,6,3,1,revoke));</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y61 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以上调用<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">addbtn<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>方法添加三个按钮，<span class="_ _10"></span>分别是<span class="_ _10"></span>“需要密钥找我<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2">、<span class="_ _5"></span>“申请<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _11"></span><span class="ff2">和</span></span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y62 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">“挂失<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff2">。<span class="_ _5"></span>这些按钮分别关联了<span class="_ _e"> </span><span class="ff3">winkeys</span>、<span class="_ _5"></span><span class="ff3">Apply<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ff2">和<span class="_ _e"> </span></span>Revoke<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ff2">的<span class="_ _e"> </span></span>ActionListener</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y63 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">实例。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y64 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">最后，将窗口设置为可见状态：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y65 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">setVisible(true)<span class="ff2">。</span> </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y66 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以上这段代码主要完成了窗口的初始化和布局设置，为用户提交申请、</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y67 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">生成密钥对和进行相关操作提供了可视化的交互界面。<span class="_ _8"></span>在后续的代码中，<span class="_ _8"></span>按</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y68 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">钮的点击事件会被相应的<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">winkeys</span>、<span class="_ _8"></span><span class="ff3">Apply<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">和<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Revoke<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类处理，<span class="_ _8"></span>实现相应的功</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y69 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">能。具体如图</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[0.806248,0.000000,0.000000,0.806248,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89961388/bg3.jpg"><div class="c x0 y6a w6 hb"><div class="t m1 x7 hc y6b ff5 fs0 fc0 sc2 ls0 ws0">（装订线外请不要<span class="_ _3"></span>答题）</div><div class="t m1 x4 hc y6c ff6 fs0 fc0 sc2 ls0 ws0">……………………<span class="_ _3"></span>…………………<span class="_ _3"></span>……<span class="ff5">装</span>………<span class="_ _3"></span>……………………<span class="_ _3"></span>…………………<span class="_ _3"></span>……<span class="ff5">订</span>………<span class="_ _3"></span>……………………<span class="_ _3"></span>…………<span class="ff5">线</span>…<span class="_ _3"></span>……………………<span class="_ _3"></span>…………………<span class="_ _3"></span>……</div></div><div class="c x0 y6d w2 hd"><div class="t m0 x1 hc y6e ff7 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">试卷：第<span class="ff1"> <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff8">3<span class="_"> </span></span></span>页<span class="ff1"> <span class="_"> </span>/</span>共<span class="ff1"> <span class="_"> </span><span class="ff8">11<span class="_"> </span></span></span>页<span class="ff1"> </span></div></div><div class="c x5 y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y6f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y64 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc2 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">第</span><span class="fc2 sc0">三</span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y65 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">实现了</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">ActionListener</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">接口的类</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">Revoke</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">，用于处理用户点击“挂失</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">”</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y70 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">按钮时的操作。</span>让我逐一解释其中的关键部分：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y71 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0): <span class="ff2">这是</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y72 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ActionListener<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">接口中的方法，用于处理用户操作的事件。当“挂失”按</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y73 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">钮被点击时，此方法会被触发。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y74 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">String[] str = Text.gettext();: <span class="ff2">通过<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Text<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对象的<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>gettext<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">方法获</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y75 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">取用户在文本框中输入的信息，<span class="_ _13"></span>包括姓名、<span class="_ _13"></span>性别、<span class="_ _13"></span>生日、<span class="_ _13"></span>籍贯、<span class="_ _13"></span>民族、<span class="_ _13"></span>身份</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y76 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">证号和公钥等。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y77 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">System.out.println(str);, for(int i=0;i<7;i++) </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y78 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">{ System.out.println(str[i]);</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y57 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> }</div></div><div class="c xc y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 xd h5 y3e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">：<span class="ff3"> </span>上面代码用于在控制台输出获取到的用户信息，方便调试和验证。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y3f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SQL s; try { </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y40 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">s = new SQL();</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y41 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> ...</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y79 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> } catch (SQLException e) {</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y43 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> e.printStackTrace();</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y44 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> }</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y45 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">:<span class="ff2">这部分创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>SQL<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">类的实例<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>s<span class="ff2">，用于与数据库进行交互。这里使</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y46 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用了异常处理，捕获可能的<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">SQLException</span>。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y47 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Statement stat = s.conn.createStatement();<span class="ff2">：创建了一个</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y48 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">Statement<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对象，用于执行<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>SQL<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">语句。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y59 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">String sql = "DELETE FROM user WHERE <span class="ff2">身份证号</span> = '" + str[5] + </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">"'";: <span class="ff2">构建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>DELETE<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">语句，<span class="_ _13"></span>用于从数据库中删除身份证号为<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">str[5]</span>的</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用户信息。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y7c ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">stat.executeUpdate(sql);: <span class="ff2">执行<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>SQL<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">语句，<span class="_ _a"></span>即删除指定身份证号的用</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7d ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">户信息。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y7e ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">stat.close();: <span class="ff2">关闭<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Statement<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对象，释放资源。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过这段代码，<span class="_ _7"></span>实现了在用户点击<span class="_ _7"></span>“挂失<span class="ff3">”<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff2">按钮时，<span class="_ _7"></span>从数据库中删除相</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y50 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">应用户信息的功能。这是<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统中的一个重要步骤，可以确保安全地吊销</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y7f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">用户的证书和密钥。具体如图：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y65 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc2 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">第</span><span class="fc2 sc0">四</span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y66 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">实现</span><span class="fc2 sc0">了</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">ActionListener</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">接口的类</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">winkeys</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">，用于处理用户点击</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">“</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">需要</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y67 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">密钥找我</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">”</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">按钮时的操作。</span>以下是代码的关键部分：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y80 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e):</div><div class="t m0 xa h5 y81 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="ff2">这是<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>ActionListener<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">接口中的方法，<span class="_ _14"></span>用于处理用户操作的事件。<span class="_ _14"></span>当<span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff3">“<span class="ff2">需</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y82 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">要密钥找我<span class="ff3">”</span>按钮被点击时，此方法会被触发。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y83 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">new keyswindow();:</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y84 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">keyswindow<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>的实例，即生成密钥窗口。这表示当用户点击</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y85 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">“<span class="ff2">需要密钥找我</span>”<span class="ff2">按钮时，会弹出一个新窗口，用于显示生成的公私钥。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y56 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过这段代码，<span class="_ _7"></span>实现了在用户点击<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff3">“<span class="ff2">需要密钥找我</span>”<span class="_ _7"></span><span class="ff2">按钮时，<span class="_ _7"></span>弹出一个</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y86 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">新窗口，<span class="_ _8"></span>显示<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">RSA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>算法生成的公私钥。<span class="_ _8"></span>这个功能有助于用户获取他们的密钥</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[0.806248,0.000000,0.000000,0.806248,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89961388/bg4.jpg"><div class="c x0 y1 w5 h2"><div class="t m0 xe h3 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"> <span class="_ _b"> </span>2 <span class="_ _c"> </span>3</div></div><div class="c xf y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">信息，<span class="_ _14"></span>以便进行加密和解密操作。<span class="_ _14"></span>下一步，<span class="_ _14"></span>将继续探讨申请证书的具体实现。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y3f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">截个图：</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y47 ff4 fs1 fc2 sc2 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">第</span><span class="fc2 sc0">五</span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y58 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">这部分</span><span class="fc2 sc0">实现了</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">ActionListener</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">接口的类</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">Apply</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span><span class="_ _a"></span><span class="fc2 sc0">用于处理用户点击</span><span class="_ _14"></span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">“</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc2 sc0">申</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y87 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">请</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">”</span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">按钮时的操作。</span><span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4a ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">来逐一解释一下其中的关键部分：<span class="ff3"> </span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y88 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0): <span class="ff2">这是</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y89 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">ActionListener<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">接口中的方法，用于处理用户操作的事件。当</span>“<span class="ff2">申请</span>”<span class="ff2">按</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y8a ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">钮被点击时，此方法会被触发。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y7e ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">String[] str = Text.gettext();: <span class="ff2">通过<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>Text<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">对象的<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>gettext<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">方法获</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y8b ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">取用户在文本框中输入的信息，<span class="_ _13"></span>包括姓名、<span class="_ _13"></span>性别、<span class="_ _13"></span>生日、<span class="_ _13"></span>籍贯、<span class="_ _13"></span>民族、<span class="_ _13"></span>身份</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y8c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">证号和公钥等。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y8d ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">String bigstr = </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y8e ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">str[0]+str[1]+str[2]+str[3]+str[4]+str[5]+str[6];:<span class="ff2">将用户信息拼接</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y8f ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">成一个大字符串，这将用于计算<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">MD5<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>值。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y55 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">MD5Util m = new MD5Util();: <span class="ff2">创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>MD5Util<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">的实例，<span class="_ _a"></span>用于计算</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y90 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">MD5<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">值。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5c ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">String md = m.getMD5Str(bigstr);: <span class="ff2">计算大字符串的<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>MD5<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">值。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y91 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">keys k = new keys();: <span class="ff2">创建了一个<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>keys<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">的实例，<span class="_ _a"></span>用于生成公私钥对。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y5e ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DigitalSignature d = new </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y92 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">DigitalSignature(k.getpublicKeyText(), </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y93 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">k.getprivateKeyText(),md);: </div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y61 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">创建了一个<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ff3">DigitalSignature<span class="_ _12"> </span></span>的实例，<span class="_ _15"></span>用于生成数字签名。<span class="_ _15"></span>这里使用<span class="_ _12"> </span><span class="ff3">MD5</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y62 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">值和生成的公私钥对进行签名。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y94 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">new resultwindow(str,str[6],d.getsignatureStr());: <span class="ff2">弹出一个新</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y95 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">窗口，<span class="_ _7"></span>显示用户信息、<span class="_ _7"></span>公钥和数字签名。<span class="_ _7"></span>这表示用户成功申请证书，<span class="_ _7"></span>系统生</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y96 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">成了数字签名用于证书认证。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y66 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">SQL s = new SQL(); ... pstmt.executeUpdate(); stat.close();: </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y67 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">将用户信息插入到数据库中。<span class="_ _8"></span>这样，<span class="_ _8"></span>系统就能够在后续的认证过程中使用数</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y68 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">据库中的信息了。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y81 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过以上的操作，实现了在用户点击<span class="ff3">“</span>申请<span class="ff3">”</span>按钮时，生成数字签名，</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y82 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">弹出一个新窗口显示用户信息和数字签名，<span class="_ _a"></span>并将用户信息存储到数据库中的</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y97 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">功能，这是<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">CA<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>系统中用户申请证书的核心流程。如图（建议放大）<span class="_ _5"></span>：</div></div><div class="c x10 y18 w4 ha"><div class="t m0 xd h5 y4f ff4 fs1 fc2 sc2 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">第</span><span class="fc2 sc0">六</span><span class="fc2 sc0">，</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y98 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">下面定义了两个用于构建界面元素的辅助方法，</span><span class="fc2 sc0">分别是</span><span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc2 sc0">addbtn</span><span class="_ _2"> </span></span><span class="fc2 sc0">和</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y6f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc2 sc0">addlable</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc2 sc0">。</span><span class="_ _8"></span>这两个方法的作用是根据传入的参数创建按钮和标签，<span class="_ _8"></span>并设置其</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y99 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在窗口中的位置以及监听器，<span class="fc2 sc0">一句话概括就是简化窗口界面的创建。</span></div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y9a ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">JButton addbtn(String lable,int row,int column,int width,int </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9b ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">height,ActionListener listener)</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y55 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">——<span class="ff2">这个方法用于创建并添加按钮到界面上。它接收按钮的标签文字、</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y90 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在网格中的行和列、<span class="_ _a"></span>宽度和高度以及一个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">ActionListener<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>监听器作为参数。</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9c ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在方法中，<span class="_ _6"></span>首先创建一个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">JButton<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>对象，<span class="_ _6"></span>并设置按钮的标签文字。<span class="_ _6"></span>然后使用</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9d ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">GridBagConstraints<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff2">来设置按钮在网格中的位置和大小。接着设置按钮的</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9e ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">布局约束，并将监听器绑定到按钮上。最后返回创建的按钮对象。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y60 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">JLabel addlable(String lable,int row,int column,int width,int </div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y9f ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">height)</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 ya0 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">——<span class="ff2">这个方法用于创建并添加标签到界面上。它接收标签的文字内容、</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya1 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在网格中的行和列、宽度和高度作为参数。在里面，首先创建一个<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">JLabel</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya2 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">对象，并设置标签的文字内容。然后使用<span class="_ _2"> </span><span class="ff3">GridBagConstraints<span class="_ _2"> </span></span>来设置标签</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 ya3 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在网格中的位置和大小，并设置填充方式。最后才返回创建的标签对象。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y66 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">这两个方法简化了界面元素的创建过程，<span class="_ _a"></span>并保证它们在布局中的正确位</div><div class="t m0 x3 h5 y67 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">置和大小，方便地添加不同地标签进来用户界面。</div><div class="t m0 xd h5 y80 ff2 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">截图代码如下：</div></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[0.806248,0.000000,0.000000,0.806248,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>