网络，华为培训数通领域HCIA PPT
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用于华为路由交换初级认证学习 <link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/raw.css" rel="stylesheet"/><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1" id="pf1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img alt="" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/bg1.jpg"/><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">第</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">1</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">页</span></span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">版</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">权</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">所</span><span class="fc3 sc0">有</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">©</span><span class="fc3 sc0">2020</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">华</span><span class="fc3 sc0">为</span></span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">技</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">术</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">有</span><span class="fc3 sc0">限</span><span class="fc3 sc0">公</span><span class="fc3 sc0">司</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">头</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">边</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">框</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y5 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">导</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">航</span><span class="fc3 sc0">灰</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y6 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">红</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y7 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span><span class="fc3 sc0">色</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">备</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">绿</span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版<span class="ff3">权</span>所有<span class="ff2">©2020<span class="ff3">华为</span></span>技<span class="ff3">术</span>有限公司</div><div class="t m0 x7 h5 ya ff1 fs2 fc2 sc0 ls0 ws0">网<span class="ff4 sc1">络<span class="_ _0"></span></span>服<span class="ff4 sc1">务<span class="_ _0"></span></span>与<span class="ff4 sc1">应<span class="_ _0"></span></span>用</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf2" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="2"><div class="pc pc2 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/bg2.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第<span class="ff2">2<span class="ff3">页</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版<span class="ff3">权</span>所有<span class="ff2">©2020<span class="ff3">华为</span></span>技<span class="ff3">术</span>有限公司</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">头</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">边</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">框</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y5 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">导</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">航</span><span class="fc3 sc0">灰</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y6 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">红</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y7 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span><span class="fc3 sc0">色</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">备</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">绿</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 h6 yb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">前言</div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 yc ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">•<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1 fs5">网<span class="ff3">络</span>已<span class="ff3">经</span>成<span class="ff3">为</span>当今人<span class="ff3">们</span>生活中的一部分：<span class="ff3">传输</span>文件、<span class="ff3">发</span>送<span class="ff3">邮<span class="_ _2"></span></span>件、在<span class="ff3">线视频</span>、<span class="ff3">浏览</span>网<span class="ff3">页</span>、</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h8 yd ff3 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">联<span class="ff1">网游</span>戏<span class="ff1">。因</span>为<span class="ff1">网</span>络<span class="ff1">分</span>层<span class="ff1">模型的存在，普通用</span>户<span class="ff1">无需关注通<span class="_ _2"></span>信</span>实现<span class="ff1">原理等技</span>术细节<span class="ff1">就可</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h8 ye ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">以直接使用由<span class="ff3">应</span>用<span class="ff3">层</span>提供的各种服<span class="ff3">务</span>。</div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 yf ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">•<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1 fs5">之前的<span class="ff3">课</span>程中我<span class="ff3">们</span>已<span class="ff3">经</span>学<span class="ff3">习</span>了数据<span class="ff3">链</span>路<span class="ff3">层</span>、网<span class="ff3">络层</span>、<span class="ff3">传输层<span class="_ _2"></span></span>相关的技<span class="ff3">术</span>，本章<span class="ff3">让</span>我<span class="ff3">们</span>一</span></div><div class="t m0 xa h9 y10 ff1 fs5 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">起了解<span class="ff2">FTP</span>、<span class="ff2">DHCP</span>、<span class="ff2">HTTP</span>等常<span class="ff3">见</span>的网<span class="ff3">络</span>服<span class="ff3">务</span>与<span class="ff3">应</span>用。</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf3" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="3"><div class="pc pc3 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/bg3.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第<span class="ff2">3<span class="ff3">页</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版<span class="ff3">权</span>所有<span class="ff2">©2020<span class="ff3">华为</span></span>技<span class="ff3">术</span>有限公司</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">头</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">边</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">框</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y5 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">导</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">航</span><span class="fc3 sc0">灰</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y6 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">红</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y7 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span><span class="fc3 sc0">色</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">备</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">绿</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 ha yb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">目<span class="ff4 sc2">标</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 yc ff2 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">•<span class="_ _1"> </span><span class="ff1 fs5">学完本<span class="ff3">课</span>程后，您将能<span class="ff3">够</span>：</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y11 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">FTP</span>的工作原理</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y12 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">TFTP</span>的<span class="_ _2"></span>工作原理</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y13 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">DHCP</span>的工作原理</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y14 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">Telnet</span>的工作原理</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y15 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">HTTP</span>的工作原理</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y16 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">DNS</span>的基本概念</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y17 ff2 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="ff1 fs7">掌握<span class="ff2">NTP</span>的基本概念</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf4" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="4"><div class="pc pc4 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/bg4.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第<span class="ff2">4<span class="ff3">页</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版<span class="ff3">权</span>所有<span class="ff2">©2020<span class="ff3">华为</span></span>技<span class="ff3">术</span>有限公司</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">头</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">边</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">框</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y5 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">导</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">航</span><span class="fc3 sc0">灰</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y6 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">红</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y7 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span><span class="fc3 sc0">色</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">备</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">绿</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 ha yb ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">目<span class="ff4 sc2">录</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 hc y18 ff5 fs4 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">1.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff6 fs5">文件传输</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hd y19 ff7 fs6 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">▪<span class="_ _5"> </span><span class="ff5 fs7">FTP</span></div><div class="t m0 xb hb y1a ff2 fs6 fc4 sc0 ls0 ws0">▫<span class="_ _3"> </span><span class="fs7">TFTP</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y1b ff2 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">2.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="fs5">Telnet</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y1c ff2 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">3.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="fs5">DHCP</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y1d ff2 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">4.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="fs5">HTTP</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y1e ff2 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">5.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="fs5">DNS</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 h7 y1f ff2 fs4 fc5 sc0 ls0 ws0">6.<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="fs5">NTP</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div><div id="pf5" class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="5"><div class="pc pc5 w0 h0"><img class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" alt="" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/89579265/bg5.jpg"><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">第<span class="ff2">5<span class="ff3">页</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x2 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">版<span class="ff3">权</span>所有<span class="ff2">©2020<span class="ff3">华为</span></span>技<span class="ff3">术</span>有限公司</div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y3 ff1 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">头</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y4 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="ff3"><span class="fc3 sc0">边</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">框</span></div><div class="t m0 x3 h3 y5 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">导</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">航</span><span class="fc3 sc0">灰</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y6 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">红</span></div><div class="t m0 x4 h4 y7 ff1 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">表</span><span class="fc3 sc0">格</span><span class="ff2"><span class="fc3 sc0">/</span></span><span class="fc3 sc0">文</span><span class="fc3 sc0">字</span><span class="fc3 sc0">底</span><span class="fc3 sc0">色</span></div><div class="t m0 x6 h3 y8 ff3 fs1 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">备</span><span class="ff1"><span class="fc3 sc0">用</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x5 h3 y9 ff3 fs1 fc1 sc0 ls0 ws0"><span class="fc3 sc0">绿</span></div><div class="t m0 x8 ha y20 ff1 fs3 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">文件<span class="ff4 sc2">传<span class="_ _6"></span>输<span class="_ _6"></span>协<span class="_ _6"></span>议</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 he y21 ff2 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">•<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff6 fs9">主机之间传输文件是<span class="ff2">IP</span>网络的一个重要功能，如今人们可以方便地使用网页、邮箱进行文件传输。</span></div><div class="t m0 x9 he y22 ff2 fs8 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">•<span class="_ _4"> </span><span class="ff6 fs9">然而在互联网早期，<span class="ff2">Web</span>（<span class="ff2">WorldWideWeb<span class="ff1">，万<span class="ff3">维</span>网</span></span>）还未出现，操作系统使用命令行的时代，用户使用</span></div><div class="t m0 xa hf y23 ff6 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">命令行工具进行文件传输。其中最通用的方式就是使用<span class="ff2">FTP</span>（<span class="ff2">FileTransferProtocol</span>，文件传输协议）以及</div><div class="t m0 xa hf y24 ff2 fs9 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">TFTP<span class="ff6">（</span>TrivialFileTransferProtocol<span class="ff6">，简单文件传输协议）。</span></div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.000000,0.000000,0.000000,1.000000,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>