基于电压反馈的永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制策略:抵抗负载扰动,平稳过渡至弱磁区域,确保电机稳定高效运行,基于电压反馈的永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制策略:抵抗负载扰动,平稳过渡至弱磁区域,实现转速与转矩的稳
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基于电压反馈的永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制策略:抵抗负载扰动,平稳过渡至弱磁区域,确保电机稳定高效运行,基于电压反馈的永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制策略:抵抗负载扰动,平稳过渡至弱磁区域,实现转速与转矩的稳定调控,永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制,抵抗负载扰动,切弱磁的过程较为平滑,主要原理是通过电压反馈,得到偏转角度theta,并通过id=iscos(theta)的方式控制弱磁电流。该弱磁控制为一个多闭环系统,由两个电流环、一个电压闭环和一个转速外环构成。电流环可以使电机具有较好的动态性能,当负载转矩发生突变时使系统仍能够较稳定的运行:转速外环控制可以达到无差控制的目的:电压环的作用是当电机转速超过转折速度时,可以输出一个负的超前角,从而产生一个反向的去磁电流,同时减小交轴电流,使电机稳定运行在弱磁区域。此外,电机从恒转矩区向弱磁区域的过渡是通过电压环自动改变超前角 来实现的,切较为平滑切过程中电机的转速和转矩波动较小。实现方法:电流调节器输出Ud和Uq经过低通滤波后,作为弱磁环节的控制输入量,并且和逆变器输出的最大电压Umax=Udc sqrt(3)进行对比,二者的差值作为弱磁环PI调 <link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/base.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/css/fancy.min.css" rel="stylesheet"/><link href="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/90404912/2/raw.css" rel="stylesheet"/><div id="sidebar" style="display: none"><div id="outline"></div></div><div class="pf w0 h0" data-page-no="1" id="pf1"><div class="pc pc1 w0 h0"><img alt="" class="bi x0 y0 w1 h1" src="/image.php?url=https://csdnimg.cn/release/download_crawler_static/90404912/bg1.jpg"/><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">永磁同步电机是一种应用广泛的电机类型<span class="ff2">,</span>在许多领域都有重要的应用<span class="ff3">。</span>而永磁同步电机超前角弱磁</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y2 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">控制是其中的一种控制策略<span class="ff2">,</span>具有抵抗负载扰动<span class="ff3">、</span>平滑切换<span class="ff3">、</span>稳定运行等特点<span class="ff3">。</span>本文将从理论原理<span class="ff3">、</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y3 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">控制框图<span class="ff3">、</span>仿真结果等方面进行详细分析和讲解<span class="ff3">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y4 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">首先<span class="ff2">,</span>永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制的基本思想是通过电压反馈<span class="ff2">,</span>得到偏转角度<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">theta<span class="ff2">,</span></span>并通过</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y5 ff4 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">id=iscos(theta)<span class="ff1">的方式控制弱磁电流<span class="ff3">。</span>这个控制策略实际上是一个多闭环系统<span class="ff2">,</span>由两个电流环<span class="ff3">、</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y6 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">一个电压闭环和一个转速外环构成<span class="ff3">。</span>其中<span class="ff2">,</span>电流环可以使电机具有较好的动态性能<span class="ff2">,</span>能够使系统在负</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y7 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">载转矩突变时仍能够较稳定地运行<span class="ff2">;</span>转速外环控制可以实现无差控制的目的<span class="ff2">;</span>而电压环则可以在电机</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y8 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">转速超过转折速度时输出一个负的超前角<span class="ff2">,</span>从而产生一个反向的去磁电流<span class="ff2">,</span>同时减小交轴电流<span class="ff2">,</span>使电</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y9 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">机稳定运行在弱磁区域<span class="ff3">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ya ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">在实现方法方面<span class="ff2">,</span>电流调节器输出的<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">Ud<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>和<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">Uq<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>经过低通滤波后作为弱磁环节的控制输入量<span class="ff2">,</span>并与逆变</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yb ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">器输出的最大电压<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">Umax=Udc sqrt(3)</span>进行对比<span class="ff3">。</span>二者的差值被作为弱磁环<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">PI<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>调节器的输入<span class="ff2">,</span>输</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yc ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">出超前角度大小<span class="ff2">,</span>其范围是<span class="ff4">-pi/2<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>到<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0<span class="ff3">。</span></span>通过控制超前角的大小<span class="ff2">,</span>就可以控制输出的<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">id<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>和<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">iq<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>大小</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yd ff2 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">,<span class="ff1">从而实现对电机的控制<span class="ff3">。</span></span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 ye ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">本文还将通过仿真结果来验证永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制的效果<span class="ff3">。</span>选取<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">MATLAB 2021a<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>自带的电</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 yf ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">机参数进行仿真<span class="ff2">,</span>包括额定转矩<span class="ff3">、</span>电压<span class="ff3">、</span>最大转矩<span class="ff3">、</span>额定转速等参数<span class="ff3">。</span>首先给定一个期望的电机转速</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y10 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">为<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">4000r/min<span class="ff2">,</span></span>经过<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">PI<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>参数调节后<span class="ff2">,</span>从电机弱磁超前角曲线可以看出<span class="ff2">,</span>角度在一开始为恒转矩区<span class="ff2">,</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y11 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">超前角为<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0<span class="ff2">,</span></span>在<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0.05s<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>之后电机进入到弱磁区域<span class="ff2">,</span>且始终在<span class="ff4">-pi/2<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>到<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>的范围内<span class="ff2">,</span>与一开始的设定</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y12 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">范围一致<span class="ff3">。</span>同时<span class="ff2">,</span>还给出了电机期望的<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">d<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>轴和<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">q<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>轴电流曲线图<span class="ff2">,</span>可以看出变化范围较好<span class="ff3">。</span>此外<span class="ff2">,</span>在时</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y13 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">间为<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0.04s<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>左右<span class="ff2">,</span>电机达到了期望的转速<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">4000r/min<span class="ff2">,</span></span>在<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">0.5s<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>时电机突加负载后的转速也能够良</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y14 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">好地响应<span class="ff2">,</span>达到<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">4000r/min<span class="ff2">,</span></span>超过<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">2300r/min<span class="ff2">,</span></span>实现了弱磁扩速<span class="ff3">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y15 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过以上仿真结果的分析<span class="ff2">,</span>可以得出永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制的良好效果<span class="ff3">。</span>控制框图和原理正是</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y16 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过多闭环系统实现了对电机的精确控制<span class="ff2">,</span>使其具有较好的动态性能和稳定性<span class="ff3">。</span>同时<span class="ff2">,</span>超前角的控制</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y17 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">策略实现了电机稳定运行在弱磁区域<span class="ff2">,</span>能够抵抗负载扰动<span class="ff2">,</span>使电机在负载突变时仍能保持稳定运行<span class="ff3">。</span></div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y18 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">通过本文的讲解<span class="ff2">,</span>读者可以深入了解永磁同步电机超前角弱磁控制的基本原理<span class="ff3">、</span>控制框图以及仿真结</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y19 ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">果<span class="ff3">。</span>此外<span class="ff2">,</span>本文还附带了永磁同步电机双闭环控制<span class="_ _0"> </span><span class="ff4">SVPWM<span class="_ _1"> </span></span>资料和模型<span class="ff2">,</span>以帮助读者更好地理解电机控</div><div class="t m0 x1 h2 y1a ff1 fs0 fc0 sc0 ls0 ws0">制<span class="ff3">。</span>希望本文对读者在研究和应用永磁同步电机超</div></div><div class="pi" data-data='{"ctm":[1.568627,0.000000,0.000000,1.568627,0.000000,0.000000]}'></div></div>